Vol. 16 No. 3 (2023), EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
Vol. 16 No. 3 (2023)
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES

Classic and Activating Chimeric Antigen Receptors PD-1 as an Element of Multi-Target Approach to the Treatment of Hematological and Solid Neoplasms

Published 20.02.2024
Kseniya Aleksandrovna Levchuk
VA Almazov National Medical Research Center, 2 Akkuratova ul., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197341
A.A. Goldaev
Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 199034
E.A. Stolyarova
Dr. Sergey Berezin Medical Institute (MIBS), 1 korp. 3 Esenina ul., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194354
P.A. Mateikovich
HEMA, 3 korp. 3 4th 8 Marta ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 125319
A.Kh. Valiullina
Kazan (Privolzhsky) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya ul., Kazan, Russian Federation, 420008
E.R. Bulatov
Kazan (Privolzhsky) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya ul., Kazan, Russian Federation, 420008
A.V. Petukhov
VA Almazov National Medical Research Center, 2 Akkuratova ul., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197341
A.A. Daks
Institute of Cytology, 4 Tikhoretskii pr-t, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194064
N.A. Barlev
Institute of Cytology, 4 Tikhoretskii pr-t, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194064
E.V. Baidyuk
Institute of Cytology, 4 Tikhoretskii pr-t, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194064
Ya.G. Toropova
VA Almazov National Medical Research Center, 2 Akkuratova ul., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197341
2023-3
PDF_2023-16-3_268-279 (Russian)

Keywords

CAR-T cell therapy
PD-1
anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors
tumor microenvironment
multi-targeted immunotherapy

How to Cite

1.
Levchuk K.A., Goldaev A.A., Stolyarova E.A., et al. Classic and Activating Chimeric Antigen Receptors PD-1 as an Element of Multi-Target Approach to the Treatment of Hematological and Solid Neoplasms. Клиническая онкогематология. 2024;16(3):268-279. doi:10.21320/2500-2139-2023-16-3-268-279
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Abstract

Aim. To generate anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors carrying extracellular domain PD-1 as antigen-recognizing site and to study their cytolytic activity as well as to functionally assess the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors in vitro with a view to apply them in multi-targeted tumor therapy.

Materials & Methods. Chimeric antigen receptor PD-1 was constructed using molecular cloning of PD-1 antigen-recognizing region (12–170 amino acids) into mammalian expression plasmid vector adding activation and co-stimulatory domains. Primary Т-lymphocytes of healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear fraction were derived by expanding monoclonal antibody combination on surface markers CD3/CD28. Anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors were obtained by lentiviral transduction of primary T-lymphocyte genome of a healthy donor. Chimeric antigen receptor PD-1 expression and transduction efficiency were assessed by flow cytofluorometry. Specific cytotoxicity of the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors was analyzed in vitro by means of real-time cytotoxicity assay (RTCA) with HeLa_PD-L1 target cell line co-cultivation. The level of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17A was assessed by flow cytofluorometry using Human Th1/Th2/Th17 CBA Kit (BD, USA).

Results. The efficiency of lentiviral transduction and the proportion of the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors were 42 %. The specificity of cytotoxic response of the anti-PD-L1 CAR-T effectors with a low effector/tumor ratio (1:20) was verified during HeLa_PD-L1 co-cultivation by a 1.5-fold decrease in the cell index (CI = 0.738) versus control (CI = 1.0645). The increase in synthesis of cytokines IL-2 (1000 pg/mL), IL-6 (438.5 pg/mL), TNF-α (44 pg/mL), and IFN-γ (1034 pg/mL) during HeLa_PD-L1 target cell line co-cultivation confirms the functionality of the analyzed effector cells.

Conclusion. Anti-PD-L1 chimeric antigen receptor was constructed and tested in vitro. Anti-PD-L1 CAR-T lymphocytes specifically recognize and promote the cytolysis of tumor target cells by increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2. Chimeric antigen receptor PD-1 can be modified into chimeric switch receptor (CSR) by deleting CD3ζ-domain and can be used together with other CARs without predicted non-specific toxicity.

PDF_2023-16-3_268-279 (Russian)

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