Cardiovascular Toxicity of CAR-T Cell Therapy: A Literature Review

As a result of advances in screening, diagnosis and treatment methods in modern oncology, survival rates of patients with malignant neoplasms have considerably improved. Among the most promising therapeutic trends, emphasis is on the new immunotherapy method with T-cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T). CAR-T cell therapy is most commonly used in oncohematology. However, despite the efficacy of new therapeutic methods, also CAR-T cell therapy, more and more evidence on side effects becomes available. One of the most common complications (in about 1/3 of all cases) is cardiovascular toxicity (CVT) with high mortality. This accounts for an actively developing new interdisciplinary field of research called cardio-oncology that studies cardiovascular complications of chemotherapy and the methods of their monitoring and prevention. This review covers currently known pathophysiologic mechanisms of CVT on CAR-T cell therapy. Additionally, it discusses clinical manifestations, prevention strategy, and programs for monitoring cardiovascular adverse events reported by hematologists.

• Shakhabutdin Murtuzalievich Murtuzaliev IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2 korp. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119435 ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет) Минздрава России, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4, Москва, Российская Федерация, 119435 https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8107-7557 (unauthenticated)
• E.Yu. Salakheeva Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 52, 3 Pekhotnaya ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 123182 ; ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 52 ДЗМ», ул. Пехотная, д. 3, Москва, Российская Федерация, 123182 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4323-9671 (unauthenticated)
• S.A. Kardovskaya Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 52, 3 Pekhotnaya ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 123182 ; ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 52 ДЗМ», ул. Пехотная, д. 3, Москва, Российская Федерация, 123182 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-7582 (unauthenticated)
• Yu.Yu. Kirichenko IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2 korp. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119435 ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет) Минздрава России, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4, Москва, Российская Федерация, 119435 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-7704 (unauthenticated)
• E.A. Siderko IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2 korp. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119435 ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет) Минздрава России, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4, Москва, Российская Федерация, 119435 https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4576-9743 (unauthenticated)
• Yu.N. Belenkov IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2 korp. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119435 ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет) Минздрава России, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4, Москва, Российская Федерация, 119435 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3014-6129 (unauthenticated)
• I.S. Ilgisonis IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2 korp. 4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya ul., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119435 ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет) Минздрава России, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4, Москва, Российская Федерация, 119435 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6817-6270 (unauthenticated)

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