Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemias: Prognostic Significance of Complex Karyotype Including del(5q), –7, del(7q) Abnormalities

TL Gindina, NN Mamaev, SN Bondarenko, ES Nikolaeva, IA Petrova, OA Slesarchuk, AS Borovkova, SV Razumova, AL Alyanskii, LS Zubarovskaya, BV Afanas’ev

R.M. Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Transplantation; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Tat’yana Leonidovna Gindina, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; Tel.: +7(812)233-12-43; e-mail: cytogenetics.bmt.lab@gmail.com

For citation: Gindina TL, Mamaev NN, Bondarenko SN, et al. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemias: Prognostic Significance of Complex Karyotype Including del(5q), –7, del(7q) Abnormalities. Clinical oncohematology. 2016;9(3):271-78(In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2016-9-3-271-278


ABSTRACT

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic significance of the complex karyotype including del(5q), –7, del(7q) abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Materials & Methods. Forty-four AML patients with chromosome 5 and/or 7 abnormalities (22 women and 22 men, aged from 1.2 to 67 years, median 31.2 years) were examined. Analysis of overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) predictors after allo-HSCT in patients with different clinical, transplant and cytogenetic characteristics was performed.

Results. Prior to allo-HSCT, the complex karyotype (with three or more chromosomal abnormalities) was observed in 19 (43 %) patients, the monosomal karyotype was in 8 (18 %) patients. Univariate analysis demonstrated that OS and EFS differed in patients from different age groups (³ 18 vs. < 18 years; = 0.01 and = 0.05, respectively), with different disease status at transplantation (1 remission vs. other clinical status; = 0.1 and = 0.008, respectively), with and without complex karyotype (СK– vs. CK+; = 0.05 and = 0.002, respectively), with and without monosomal karyotype (МK– vs. MK+; = 0.009, only for EFS), and with different stem cells source (bone marrow vs. other source; = 0.03 only for OS). Multivariate analysis confirmed that age of 18 years and more (= 0.02 and = 0.01, respectively), active disease at allo-HSCT (= 0.04 and = 0.005, respectively), complex karyotype (= 0.04 и = 0.0008, respectively) and stem cell source other than bone marrow (= 0.02 only for OS) were independent predictors of OS and EFS deterioration.

Conclusion. The study demonstrates that chromosome 5 and/or 7 abnormalities as a part of the complex karyotype is high-risk factor in AML patients undergoing allo-HSCT (unlike the monosomal karyotype), that requires the special therapeutic approach.


Keywords: acute myeloid leukemias, complex karyotype, chromosome 5 and 7 abnormalities, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, prognosis.

Received: March 5, 2016

Accepted: April 5, 2016

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