Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with t(4;11)(q21;q23)/KMT2A-AFF1 Translocation: The Results of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation in Children and Adults

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION , ,

TL Gindina, NN Mamaev, OV Paina, AS Borovkova, PV Kozhokar’, OA Slesarchuk, YaV Gudozhnikova, EI Darskaya, AL Alyanskii, SN Bondarenko, LS Zubarovskaya, BV Afanas’ev

RM Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Transplantation; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Tat’yana Leonidovna Gindina, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; Tel.: +7(812)233-12-43; e-mail: cytogenetics.bmt.lab@gmail.com

For citation: Gindina TL, Mamaev NN, Paina OV, et al. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with t(4;11)(q21;q23)/KMT2A-AFF1 Translocation: The Results of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation in Children and Adults. Clinical oncohematology. 2017;10(3):342–50 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2017-10-3-342-350

ABSTRACT

Aim. The aim was to evaluate the results of the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children and adults with the most prognostically unfavorable acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with t(4;11)(q21;q23)/KMT2A-AFF1 translocation.

Methods. We examined 21 patients (12 females, 9 males) aged from 3 months to 48 years (median 18.9 years). The analysis of prognostic factors of overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) after allo-HSCT in patients of different age groups with various clinical, transplantation and cytogenetic characteristics was performed. Allo-HSCT from HLA-compatible related and unrelated donors, as well as haploidentical allo-HSCT were performed in 4, 9 and 8 patients of age groups < 1 year, 1–18 years, and >18 years, respectively. In 10 (48 %) patients, allo-HSCT was performed in the first remission, in 2 (10 %) patients in the second remission, and in 9 (43 %) patients during the disease relapse.

Results. In 8 (38 %) patients, the only chromosomal disorder was the translocation t(4;11)(q21;q23). Additional changes in chromosomes were found in 11 (52 %) patients. In 8 (38 %) of them, 3 or more chromosomal abnormalities in the karyotype were found. According to the results of a univariant analysis, the OS and EFS were significantly different in patients with allo-HSCT performed in the first remission and at other stages of ALL (in the second remission and in relapse: p < 0.001 in both cases), as well as in patients with or without 3 or more cytogenetic disorders in the karyotype (p = 0.04 in both cases). The multivariant analysis showed that the only independent prognostic factor affecting the OS and EFS in ALL patients with t(4;11) was the allo-HSCT, including the haploidentical procedure, during the first complete hematological and molecular remission (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0004, respectively).

Conclusion. ALL with t(4;11)/KMT2A-AFF1 was as an absolute indication for allo-HSCT in first remission, including children of < 1 year age group. Satisfactory results can be obtained with the use of haploidentical transplantation from the parents. This approach eliminates the search in the registers completely HLA-compatible donor and facilitates the treatment procedure.

Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, t(4;11)/KMT2A-AFF1 translocation, allogeneic HSCT.

Received: January 17, 2017

Accepted: May 10, 2017

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